Why is calculation of milliequivalents so difficult? Dare I say, it is often taught in a way that does not foster understanding. If you are just memorizing equations and canceling out units to calculate milliequivalents we are going to change that. That strategy may be sufficient to pass an exam but isn’t very useful beyondContinue reading “How to Calculate Milliequivalents in 3 Easy Steps”
Category Archives: Calculations
How to Read Valence in 4 Easy Steps
Reading valence on the periodic table is often relegated to soon forgotten introductory chemistry. However it is applicable to more complex concepts in pharmacology calculations like milliequivalent and osmolarity. Unfortunately concepts are usually taught in silos. Being able to integrate concepts is necessary for advanced application rather than short term memorization. The goal is toContinue reading “How to Read Valence in 4 Easy Steps”
Statistics: How to Calculate Odds Ratio in 4 Simple Steps
Odds ratio is measure of probability. It is typically explained together with risk ratio or relative risk. I am opting to address these separately so that we can understand them as distinct assessments of probability. The concept of statistical risk of more intuitive. Odds requires more orientation. The concept of odds is usually thrown inContinue reading “Statistics: How to Calculate Odds Ratio in 4 Simple Steps”
Statistics: How to Calculate Absolute and Relative Risk
You will often encounter ratio calculations in medical literature. It is a calculation of probability. Ratio calculations include absolute risk, absolute risk reduction, absolute risk increase, number needed to treat and relative risk. Risk calculations are especially useful in cohort studies and randomized controlled trials where selected patients are observed over period of time toContinue reading “Statistics: How to Calculate Absolute and Relative Risk”
Ratio Data: How to Analyze Statistics in Medical Literature
Statistics can seem daunting but they cannot be avoided in medical research. If we don’t understand statistical concepts, like ratio data, we are at the mercy of the author’s conclusions. While there are guidelines and peer review processes that help to maintain the integrity of how studies are conducted or reported, there are gaps. PerhapsContinue reading “Ratio Data: How to Analyze Statistics in Medical Literature”